
This section was at one time the seat of the Oneida Indians, of the famed Iroquois Confederacy. The Oneida Castle site was chosen with true Indian sagacity as their village. It rested at the foot of one of the largest valleys, occupied by the Chenango River. The area in general was characterized by rolling highland, with exceptionally steep slopes, subsiding into flat, swampy land. The Oneidas thus had abundant opportunities for crude agriculture in rich soil and for unexampled fishing. The Oneidas were invaluable friends to the English and helped to check French expansion on this continent. Eventually, the Oneidas moved west. President James Madison is memorialized by the county’s name.
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U.S. Census information
Your link for the official Madison County Website.